Fuchsia excorticata - New Zealand Tree Fuchsia (Kōtukutuku)
DESCRIPTION & SIZE GUIDE
Fuchsia excorticata, or kōtukutuku, is New Zealand’s largest fuchsia and one of the world’s few deciduous native trees. It typically grows 5 - 15 metres tall, with a spreading canopy and distinctive flaky, reddish-brown bark. In spring and summer, the tree produces pendulous purple, red, and green flowers that give way to small, edible dark berries, sometimes called kōtukutuku berries. For planting, space 5 - 6 metres apart if using in larger gardens or restoration projects. Its fast growth and striking appearance make it ideal as a feature tree or for adding seasonal variety to native plantings.
ECOLOGICAL BENEFIT
Tree fuchsia is an ecological treasure. Its nectar-rich flowers are a major food source for tūī, bellbirds, and silvereyes, while its berries are eaten by kererū and other birds. The deciduous habit provides seasonal light variation in forest gardens, allowing understorey species to thrive in winter. Planting kōtukutuku helps restore natural forest food webs, supporting both pollinators and fruit-eating birds.
GROWING CONDITIONS & CARE
This species thrives in moist, fertile soils and prefers semi-shade to full sun. It tolerates damp ground and is commonly found along stream margins and forest edges. While relatively fast-growing, it can be susceptible to possum browsing, so protection may be needed in rural or restoration sites. Once established, it is hardy to frost and adaptable across many regions, including coastal and lowland areas.
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